Nation and population
Official name (short form): Bosna i Hercegovina
Country code ISO: BA [BIH] //; - FIPS: BK
Location: Southeastern Europe on the Balkan peninsula
Time zone: +1 UT* [*= applying daylight saving time]
Surface (land) area: 51129 sq.km = 19471 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi
Geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 45° N / South: 42° N / East: 20° E / West: 15° E
Borders (land): Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia
Borders (coastline): Croatia
Climate: continental
Government
Independent since: 1992-03-03
Type of government: parts: 1) Bosnian-Croatian Federation and 2) the Serbian Republic
Capital: Sarajevo
Administrative division: district (as a first order subdivision): 110; formerly in districts [kotari] (12)
Population
Population according to the latest census: (1991): 4377,033 [4364,574]
Population density: 78 per sq.km = 205 per sq.mi
Population growth: -2,4% //; - doubling time: not applicable
Birth rate: 14 per 1000 [PG: 6]
Death rate: 6 - 8 per 1000 [PG: 15]
Fertility rate: 1 child per female
Maternal mortality: per 100,000
Infant mortality (in the first year of life): 18 per 1000
Infant mortality (from 1st - 4th year of life): 15 per 1000 [PG: 36]
Life expectancy: 72 years (male: 69; female: 75)
Age breakdown: 0-14 years: 23% //; - 15-59 years: 68% //; - 60+ years: 11%
Urbanisation: 43% //; - urbanisation growth: %
Percentage of urban population in the greatest city: %
Language
Languages: Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian
Religion
Religious affiliation: Muslim 50 - 51% (Sunnî); Orthodox 31 - 33; Roman Catholic 13 - 14;
Health
Daily food intake: 2801 calories per capita
Population with access to safe water: %
People per physician: 600 - 714
Education, literacy
School enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: %
School enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: %
Adult literacy: 86% (male: 97%; female: 77%) [FW 2000: 93%; m 98 / f 89]
Economy and infrastructure
Economy and trade
Currency: Konvertible Mark (KM)= 100 fenings
Annual inflation rate: 2-3%
Gross Domestic Product: USD 1770 per capita
GNI USD 1230 - 1310 per capita //; - [ppp: ]
GDP growth: 33%
Income: USD 2600 - 3000 per capita
Import: USD 1879 per capita //; - export: USD 171 per capita
Trade: USD 900 per capita //; - or 87% of GDP
Trade partners: HR SI RU DE IT HU AT
Female labour force: 38%
Unemployment: 39 - 40%
Tourism: 0,1 million
Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy
Land use: arable land: 16% //; - grass land: 31% //; - wooded area: 48%
Agriculture: labour force: 4% - part of agriculture in GDP: 15% [FW 2002: 18%]
Agricultural products: potatoes, corn/maize, wheat, plums, fruits, vegetables
Livestock (1000s): asses: / cattle: 260-462 / goats: / horses: / pigs: 60-150 / poultry: 3870 - 4700 / sheep: 276-670
Fish catch: 2500 metric tonnes
Industry: labour force: 51% //; - part of industry in GDP: 61% [FW 2002: 37%]
Industrial products: cement, crude steel, pig iron, coke, alumina, textiles, timber
Mining products: coal, lignite, iron, bauxite
CO2 emission per capita: 1,2
Services: labour force: 46% //; - part of services in GDP: 24% [FW 2002: 45%]
Energy use (kg per capita): 518
Electricity use (per capita): 540
Traffic, communication
Road network: 21168 km //; - of which paved: 54% (14020) //; - of which are motorways: 0 km
Vehicles: 27 - 110 per 1000 // international license plate: BIH
Railways: 607 - 1021 km //; - railways passenger/km: 554
Navigable inland waterways: 0 km
Ownership telephone: 69 - 111 per 1000 // international dialling code: +387
Ownership radio receivers: 263 per 1000
Ownership tv-sets: 41 - 111 per 1000
Newspaper circulation: 131 - 150 per 1000
Persons per post office: 21800
Personal computers: per 1000
Some physical landmarks
Mountains: Maglic 2386 m, Volujak 2336, Ljubisnja Drenjacista 2238, Cvrsnica Plocno 2226
Lowest point: in the SW corner near `Capljina where the Neretva river crosses the border with Croatia
Lakes (natural): Busko
Lakes (artificial reservoirs): Bilecko, Modracko, Jablanicko, Perucacko, Ramsko
Lakes (deepest): unknown
Rivers: Drina 346 km in BH, Sava 331, Bosna 271, Vrbas 240, Una 209, Neretva 193, Sana 140, Spreca 112
Canals: unknown
Waterfalls: Jajce
Caves: longest system: unknown / deepest:
Islands: Veliki Skolj Mali Skolj ?
Deserts: none
Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information
Other important features:
Apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in cases they date from the 1990's
Because of war conditions in the 1990's the data are not always recently updated
Primary sources used for the general information:
BB CA DK EV FW PW WA WB WR, and some - local national or international - statistical yearbooks
Particulars concerning population data:
Deminishing of the population is caused by the effects of war in the 1990's
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